Rhetorical Analysis #2 on "The Culture of Thin Bites Fiji"

In her article, The Culture of Thin Bites Fiji, Goodman (Lunsford et al. 2008) supports the anthropologist and psychiatrist, Anne Becker’s claim that “going thin” is not a social problem anymore but a necessity among females to be successful by their own means. Fiji, a small island in the southwest pacific, is used as proof how the American media and the Western culture can cause a cultural 180 degree turn then reinforces her argument with statistics as startling evidence.
Goodman opens her article by telling her audience to imagine a place where people view weight gain as a beautiful thing, and then introduces that place as real-life Fiji. She uses the before and after technique to impact readers. For the before, she describes the Fijians’ culture belief that fat was beautiful. For the after, when televisions entered their lives, she uses statistics that says it all; within 38 months the numbers of eating disorders among teenagers rose to 29 percent, bulimics increased 15 percent, and 74 percent of the girls thought they were too fat.
Becker’s other claim is that the blame cannot be put on the entertainment industry entirely, but how the western culture can inflict insecurity among people. This creates the argument to be of social and cultural context. Goodman’s use of the hard statistics and Becker’s claims establishes credibility for the article, because she is incorporating facts and sources instead of pulling it out of her head and based the article entirely on her opinions and views.
In the middle of the article, there is a picture of a painstakingly thin actress, Calista Flockhart, who carries the generic image teenagers are obsessed with nowadays. The picture was presented to visually show how appalling the situation is. I believe the targeted audiences for this article are those concerned with the situation, those that have loved ones that are dealing with it, and those who are struggling with the disease first-hand.
In the very last paragraph, Goodman creates pathos and logos approach to wrap up her argument and tell what she hopes to get out of it. She uses the Columbine massacre, a tragically fatal event, as an effort to convince readers to take the situation, which is prevalent, more seriously before it gets out of hand.
The technique Goodman used to write this article works well except I find it a bit weak for only females are focused as the victims of eating disorders, Goodman and Becker fail to incorporate the fact males are victims as well. Also, I believe she should have provided information on how to fix the problem. In general she did a good job, showing how solemn the situation is.

Rhetorical Analysis on "The Culture of Thin Bites Fiji"

Goodman (in Lunsford et al. 2008) on her piece “The Culture of Thin Bites Fiji” explains about a culture one-eighty degree turn which occurred in Fiji. As she explains, before 1995 in Fiji, the culture believed big meant beautiful; the reverse image of the American culture. As American television entered their lives after 1995, the belief turned into an opposite, fat is repulsive. Goodman’s argument is the western culture corrupted the Fijian culture and made “going thin” not a social disease but a necessity.
Goodman presents the argument by describing before and after of Fiji’s culture values, providing facts and uses logic to persuade readers. Before television entered their lives, the women would flatter each other with remarks of weight gain. Eating was a cultural thing, a symbol of hospitality. Now the after, the statistics say it all. Goodman shows evidence with statistics that within 38 months of the arrival of American television, percentage of eating disorders among teenagers doubled to 29 percent, bulimics went up to 15 percent, and 74 percent of girls said they felt too fat.
With the girls watching popular American shows, they are constantly seeing the same generic image among the actors; young, good-looking, and thin. When they see they are not in the category of that generic image, they gradually see themselves as repulsive. This is becoming more common around the world that Goodman says it is not a social disease among people anymore, but a perceived requirement to be successful by their own means. Her style of presenting the argument makes readers open their eyes for the reality of these facts is harsh.
The purpose of Goodman’s argument is to persuade readers to be more vigilant about what is happening with girls now before it gets out of hand. She uses the example of Columbine massacre as an emotional reinforcement to her argument. Before Columbine, violence in schools was not a big deal until it got out of control, hence Columbine. Action wasn’t taken until it was too late. Action needs to be taken in order to protect the girls falling victim to eating disorders.
I believe that not only women are affected by the media image, but men and the actors as well. The percentage of eating disorders among men is not as high as the women, but men suffer too. And I believe the actors are so thin because of the pressure they feel with all eyes on them. Some may keep their weight in control but some end up struggling like Mary-Kate Olsen and Karen Carpenter for example. Mary-Kate, a famous child actor, felt the pressure to be pretty since childhood. After she turned eighteen, she entered rehab to treat her eating disorder that developed over time. Karen Carpenter was a singer, she gradually lost weight then eventually it turned fatal before anyone could help. The media is one big chain reaction that can affect anyone involved.

List of Things I Believe

Ten Things I Believe In

· Truth- If everyone could be truthful to each other, this world wouldn’t be so corrupt and messed up. Honesty is very important so everyone can be understood a bit better.
· Expressive Art- Everyone has feelings and emotions that are bottled up inside them. They should not remain bottled up, instead they should be released. Some people choose to release them into various forms of art. Poetry, visual art, music, etc. I believe it is good for your well-being.
· Beauty- There is beauty in almost everything. Being able to see beauty in little things helps turn the world in a better place. Acknowledging beauty leads to happiness.
· Freedom- Freedom is the most important, the ability to stand up for your beliefs and values, whatever they are.
· Imagination- Imagination makes the world interesting, it makes you alive, and without it the world would be dull.
· Communication- Communicating, making yourself and others understood, makes life go smoother.
· Self-Care- Taking good care of yourself is essential, we all have only one life to live, we should be able to live it to our fullest.
· Happiness- Happiness makes life easier. Having negative emotions is a burden to yourself and others.
· Family- Family is important; the bond with family members can guide you through life.
· Learning- The sky’s the limit. You can’t stop learning, there is always something new to learn every day. Without learning about yourself and the world, you wouldn’t be able to handle the ways of life.

Nafisi in Lunsford

Azar Nafisi, the author, believes in empathy created through imagination. Empathy is defined as understanding and entering into another's feelings. (http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=empathy). She argues with emotion and values in order to persuade her audience to step in others’ shoes. “When writers and speakers can find the words and images to evoke certain emotions in people, they might also move their audiences to sympathize with ideas they connect to those feelings, and even to act on them (Lunsford, 2007)” This is what Nafisi is doing. When she refers to Huckleberry Finn creating empathy towards Jim, his slave friend, it is an emotional reference. Finn was able to get himself in Jim’s shoes, to see him as who he is (human) not his label (slave). It allowed him to see from another perspective in his imagination, which helped him make the decision of not turning Jim in. Imagination is linked to your emotions, it makes you feel and a majority of time an individual will make decisions based on his/her feelings. Nafisi’s empathizing with others’ suffering that is posted on the news or a newspaper makes her feel their pain, instead of just seeing it as mere informal reports.
Angelina Jolie, a famous actress, could have just enjoyed her stardom and attention by posing for pictures and sticking to her lavish job and lifestyle. Instead she began going to third-world countries, helping the people living in poverty. She empathized with them and took advantage of her recognition to inform the world of what is really happening out there. She is one of many that broke the stereotype of models and actors being drowned in their fame that they are blind to everything else except themselves. She chose to empathize and make a difference.
Empathizing with others make us not ignorant of the harsh facts in this world. Choosing heaven could mean you are living a pointless path in life, not standing to what YOU believe, but what you were taught and told. Choosing hell could mean living life to your satisfactation because you are living with many perspectives which enable you to understand what you believe in. When you know what your values and beliefs are, you can act to make a difference. If you choose to go with the flow in this world instead of standing by your values, you are choosing heaven instead of hell. The best way to live and complete your life in this world, in my own personal opinion, is to choose hell.

Mother Tongue (Lunsford, 2008)

Being a deaf person, I know very well how not many of us (deaf people) excel in the English language for it is not our first and primary language. We express ourselves with our language, ASL (American Sign Language), which has entirely different grammar structure than the English language. Some, not all, struggle to understand the grammar rules of the English language so our English doesn’t always come out right. When that happens, it does not mean we are illiterate. Some of us are not proficient in English but are able to show our expressive, intellectual side in ASL effortlessly.
Amy Tan, who wrote Mother Tongue (Lunsford, 2008), describes how her family is not American but Chinese, which means English is not their first language. Her mother speaks “watered down” English but is proficient in her native tongue. Words will come out wrong in English but the context is logical, and she understands written English with no trouble. Not being fluent in the English language brought out discrimination from others. Some individuals will judge intelligence based on a person’s ability to speak or understand a certain language, in this case, English.
Tan argues with fact and reasoning, also with emotion. She has to deal with the discrimination her mother gets, head-on, watching her get put down but once she, the daughter, who speaks perfect English, speaks for her mother then everything is fine all of the sudden. For example, the doctor losing the important CAT scan and lazily promises it will be found later. When Tan speaks to the doctor for her mother, in perfect English, the doctor magically insists the CAT scan will be found in no time and offers his sincerest apologies. This made me feel frustrated, because the mother is still a perfectly normal human being despite her not-so-perfect English.
Tan’s fact and reasoning has to do with achievement tests, IQ tests, etc. Determining a person’s level of understanding English is difficult because it is not like Math, which strictly follows formulas and ends up with one solid answer. English is flexible and can be used in many ways and the tests are not able to verify all of them. Being adept in English or not does not determine a person’s capability or intelligence whatsoever.

Critical Thinking Applied to the Arts (Paul and Elder, 2008)

I am a fan of the arts; films, drawings, paintings, play, you name it. What is so fascinating to me about art in general is that it is the result form of what the artist is expressing from his or her own mind. The art can be prepared or interpreted in various, unlimited ways. Art will not be a piece of art without the artist and the observer that opinion on it. I agree with any reasoning needs to within the intellectual standards as it is said in Critical and Creative Thinking, “It should also be recognized that any reasoning about art must be assessed in accordance with the intellectual standards that apply to all reasoning. The quality of reasoning about art—about its features, the processes that produce the art, its history, its role in society, its importance, its purpose, its message..” (Paul and Elder, 2008) Criticism against art should not be solely based on the observer’s general opinion, but also based on the other reasoning, as is typed above.
I wonder if art critics should sometimes put aside these standards and just look at the picture with his or her own eyes because some reasoning for art might spoil the whole picture. Some art might have a bland background but appear attractive to the observer merely because of its appearance. This happens to me often, I look at any forms of art and I judge them only based on its appearance, without learning its background first. If an interesting art has a bland background, it is interesting. If it is attractive with an interesting background, then it is even more appealing. If it is a bland, boring looking piece of art but with a dynamic, well-known background, then that’s a different story. The dynamics of the background could completely change the perspective of the art itself, it could even appear to be appealing in the physical form, depending on the vibe it gives out.
After reading this, I am thinking critical thinking is good because it seems bring out some different perspectives from the mind. I think the skill of thinking critically is a bit tough to develop. The mind needs time to broaden its views and develop the understanding on certain subjects, depending on the individual. It would make my life exciting, being able to stretch my horizons to any extent.

"Respond" Question #2

Write short paragraphs describing times in the recent past when you've used language to inform, to convince, to explore, to make decisions, and to meditiate or pray. Be sure to write at least one paragraph for each of these purposes. Then decide whether each paragraph describes an act of arguement, persuasion, or both, and offer some reasons in defense of your decisions.


Last May I graduated from my high school, at the top of the class. Being in that position I had to give a Valedictorian speech in front of my entire school. Three days before the commencement ceremony, I wrote my speech and practiced vigorously. When graduation day came, I stood up on the stage and told everyone my plans for the future. I informed my entire family that I loved them. Informed my friends how important they were to me, and how much their presence helped me endure the drama of high school. I informed my classmates my wishes for them to succeed in life and gave them advice. That speech had persuasion in it. Being able to tell my family and friends in front of a large crowd of people convinced them that their importance is genuine to me. Also to my classmates, having a successful person giving advice and wishes persuaded them to think they are able to do whatever they desire to do.

In my Government class during my sophomore year in high school, I would engage into debates with my classmates about certain topics. One day, abortion was brought up. We debated whether it should be the individual’s choice or the government’s. I am pro-life but agree that it is every woman’s choice. One of my classmate declared it is every woman’s choice but she isn’t pro-life. We both debated with each other about the moral value of abortion, we both had entirely different views on it. The debate was both an argument and persuasion. It was argument because we disagreed with each other and it was persuasion because we tried to change each other’s views.

I have been dating hearing guys since I was sixteen years old. The first one had hearing parents , so he was fluent in sign language. I was able to explore and understand his lifestyle by speaking to him in sign language. My second and current boyfriend has no deaf background. I am the first deaf person he has ever met; I had to teach him sign language and the aspects of my culture. I explored his world by talking to him verbally. He explored my new, different world by learning my language and talking to me in American Sign Language (ASL). By exploring each other’s life in that style, we had to persuade each other to be open-minded and willing to explore.

Since I first heard of Gallaudet’s easy access to communication and understanding for deaf individuals, I immediately decided Gallaudet would be my college. My language is very important to me, without it I wouldn’t be able to communicate freely or understand others. That barrier doesn’t exist at Gallaudet. That fact is persuasive to me because I would feel comfortable in that zone. At the same time it is an argument with myself because if I immerse completely into the deaf world at Gallaudet, it would decrease my ability to communicate verbally and visually with the hearing world.

I was raised a Christian by my parents. I would go to church on Sundays and I was taught to pray often to talk with God and read the Bible. As I got older, I lost my faith with God because I don’t like how he works. I still pray and talk to Him about how I feel. I argue with him but also with myself because I am not certain about my feelings towards Him. I also try to persuade myself to think of Him better. I read the Bible every once in a while, trying to find a way to discover faith again through His words.

All about me

Greetings, I am Miss Evey Anastasia Oliver. Growing up I always thought of myself as a princess because of my middle name. If that name doesn't register to you, there was a princess in Russia, Anastasia, who was a member of the last Czar. Her family was massacred, whether she survived is a complete mystery. For that history behind it, I am in love with that name. I am eighteen years old and I still act like a princess. I have been told to have a quirky, spunky personality. This which can be a bit annoying to certain people sometimes. You can say I am a kid at heart. There is one important thing about me you need to know. I was born nearly profoundly deaf, and I still am deaf. I am very proud of my deafness for I love my language, my culture, and my people. Being deaf shaped my personality when I was little. I was born into an all-hearing family. My parents and my brother were caught off guard with my deafness, so they slowly learned American Sign Language (ASL). From the age of 1-5, I struggled to be understood by them and it was difficult. This led me to be a very stubborn, independent child. I did whatever I set out to do. If you try to talk me out of something, good luck at succeeding. Things changed when my parents learned there were such things as deaf schools. They enrolled me into Missouri School for the Deaf where I was a student from first to twelfth grade. Being around a deaf environment enabled my parents to improve their signing skills. My parents and I were finally able to understand each other. For that reason, my wild side went away. Other than that, I am very liberal, sweet, and talkative. I am my own person.